Phaeosphaeria nodorum Assembly and Gene Annotation

About the Phaeosphaeria nodorum genome

Phaeosphaeria nodorum is a major fungal pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and a member of the Dothideomycetes, a large fungal taxon that includes many important plant pathogens affecting all major crop plant families.

The Dothideomycetes is a newly recognised major class of filamentous fungi that replaces the long-recognized loculoascomycetes. It includes the causal organisms of many economically important plant diseases.

The infection occurs in repeated cycles of both asexual and sexual infection throughout the growing season. New rounds of infection are initiated by rain-splash or wind dispersal of spores. Infection begins when spores land on leaf tissue. The spores rapidly germinate to produce long, branching threadlike structures, called hyphae. The hyphae invade the leaf, using specialised branches to gain entry to the outermost layer of cells on the leaves. They can also grow directly through pores in the leaves. The hyphae rapidly colonize the leaves and begin to produce asexual fruiting bodies.

Phaeosphaeria nodorum is an experimentally tractable organism, which is easily handled in defined media. It was one of the first fungal pathogens to be genetically manipulated. Phaeosphaeria nodorum has been a model for fungicide development and emerged as a model for dothideomycete pathology.

Annotation

Annotation of Phaeosphaeria nodorum is provided by the Broad Institute. Non coding RNA genes have been annotated using tRNAScan-SE (Lowe, T.M. and Eddy, S.R. 1997), RFAM (Griffiths-Jones et al 2005), and RNAmmer (Lagesen K.,et al 2007); additional analysis tools have also been applied. EST sequences were mapped to the genome using Exonerate.

References

1. Deep proteogenomics; high throughput gene validation by multidimensional liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry of proteins from the fungal wheat pathogen Stagonospora nodorum.
   Bringans S, Hane JK, Casey T, Tan KC, Lipscombe R, Solomon PS, Oliver RP. 2009. BMC Bioinformatics. 10:301.
2. Dothideomycete plant interactions illuminated by genome sequencing and EST analysis of the wheat pathogen Stagonospora nodorum.
   Hane JK, Lowe RG, Solomon PS, Tan KC, Schoch CL, Spatafora JW, Crous PW, Kodira C, Birren BW, Galagan JE et al. 2007. Plant Cell. 19:3347-3368.
3. Quantitative proteomic analysis of G-protein signalling in Stagonospora nodorum using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification.
   Casey T, Solomon PS, Bringans S, Tan KC, Oliver RP, Lipscombe R.
   1. Proteomics. 10:38-47.

Other Data

'Expressed Sequence Tags' (ESTs) from dbEST are aligned to the genome using Exonerate.

More information

General information about this species can be found in Wikipedia.